Oxidative Stress Modulation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Mechanistic Perspectives on Teucrium marum Varum

ABSTRACT

It is becoming more well recognized that Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a self-sustaining mucosal ecosystem in which oxidant-antioxidant imbalance, microbial dysbiosis, stromal remodeling, type 2 immunological polarization, and epithelial damage support each other. This paper critically summarizes redox dysregulation in CRSwNP and assesses whether Teucrium marum Varum (TMV), a Mediterranean Lamiaceae taxon rich in terpenoids, provides a physiologically feasible pathway to modifying this axis based on mechanistic considerations. Using a Boolean concept-block method and PRISMA-informed search and reporting framework reporting standards, an organized narrative search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2015-2026) reduced 487 de-duplicated data to 47 included sources. Quantitative analysis of tissue-biomarker and radical-scavenging data reveals quantifiable KEAP1-NRF2-HO-1 activation in CRSwNP tissue, which is still outpaced by oxidant accumulation. It also identifies TMV chemotypes enriched in (E)-β-caryophyllene and dolichodial as mechanistically, but not directly, convergent on this deficit. There are no CRSwNP-specific data available for T. marum varum. The next phase is not empirical application, but rather chemotype-standardized, biomarker-anchored preclinical testing.

KEYWORDS

• Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
• Nrf2-Keap1 signalling
• Oxidative Stress
• Phytochemical antioxidants
• Teucrium marum
• β-caryophyllene

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• DOI10.5530/fra.20260001Copy