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    Journal of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapeuticsNOW IN
    Review

    Transgenic Rodent Models in Toxicological and Environmental Research: Future Perspectives

    Parayil Varghese Christapher1, Thanapakiam Ganeson2, Suresh V. Chinni3,4, Subramani Parasuraman5★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacology, Al Shifa College of Pharmacy, Poothavanam post, Kizhattur, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram District, Kerala, India.
    2. 2Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia.
    3. 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience, and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia.
    4. 4Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.
    5. 5Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Subramani Parasuraman

    Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia.

    parasuraman@aimst.edu.my

    Received: 10-08-2022; Revised: 16-09-2022; Accepted: 29-09-2022.

    Volume 13, Issue 3 · pp. 258–265 · PUBLISHED 2022 · DOI: 10.1177/0976500X221135691

    View on J Pharmacol. Pharmacother. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    The coexistence of humans and animals has existed for centuries. Over the past decade, animal research has played a critical role in drug development and discovery. More and more diverse animals, including transgenic animals, are used in basic research than in applied research. Transgenic animals are generated using molecular genetic techniques to add functional genes, alter gene products, delete genes, insert reporter genes into regulatory sequences, replace or repair genes, and make changes in gene expression. These genetically engineered animals are unique tools for studying a wide range of biomedical issues, allowing the exhibition of specific genetic alterations in various biological systems. Over the past two decades, transgenic animal models have played a critical role in improving our understanding of gene regulation and function in biological systems and human disease. This review article aims to highlight the role of transgenic animals in pharmacological, toxicological, and environmental research. The review accounts for various types of transgenic animals and their appropriateness in multiple types of studies.

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      Christapher, P. V., Ganeson, T., Chinni, S. V., & Parasuraman, S. (2022). Transgenic Rodent Models in Toxicological and Environmental Research: Future Perspectives. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 13(3), 258–265. https://doi.org/10.1177/0976500X221135691