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    In vitro Antioxidant and Enzymatic Approaches to Evaluate Neuroprotector Potential of Blechnum Extracts without Cytotoxicity to Human Stem Cells

    Juliana Maria de Mello Andrade1★, Renata Biegelmeyer1, Roger Remy Dresch1, Natasha Maurmann2,3, Patrícia Pranke1★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Amélia T. Henriques Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Brazil.
    2. 2Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Brazil.
    3. 3Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Juliana Maria de Mello Andrade

    Amélia T. Henriques Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Brazil.

    juandradep@gmail.com

    Received: 07-10-2015; Revised: 09-11-2015.

    Volume 12, Issue 47 · pp. 171–177 · PUBLISHED 14 July 2016 · DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.186349

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Investigation of selected plant extracts on multi‑targets related to neurodegeneration, such as monoamine oxidases (MAO), cholinesterase enzymes, and antioxidant activities (AOA) is a useful tool for identification of new scaffolds. Objective: This work investigated biological effects of three Blechnum methanol extracts from Brazil and chemical profile of the most active sample. Materials and Methods: AOA included scavenging of hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals, also lipid peroxidation inhibition. Enzymatic modulation of Blechnum binervatum, Blechnum brasiliense, and Blechnum occidentale extracts on MAO and cholinesterases was conducted. Moreover, total phenol content was performed with all samples, and high‑performance liquid chromatography‑diode array detection mass spectrometry HPLC‑DAD‑MS analysis was carried out with B. brasiliense. Possible toxic effects were evaluated on Wistar rats polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and human stem cells. Results: B. brasiliense extract presented the highest phenolic amount (9.25 g gallic acid equivalent/100 g extract) and lowest IC50 values (112.3 ± 2.61 and 176.1 ± 1.19 µg/mL) against hydroxyl radicals and on lipid peroxidation, respectively, showing strong AO effects. On nitric oxide assay and cholinesterase inhibition, all extracts were considered inactive. MAO‑A selective action was evidenced, being B. brasiliense powerful against this enzyme (IC50: 72.7 µg/mL), followed by B. occidentale and B. binervatum (IC50: 130.85 and 165.2 µg/mL). No cytotoxic effects were observed on PMN and human stem cells treated with Blechnum extracts. HPLC‑DAD‑MS analysis of B. brasiliense allowed the identification of chlorogenic and rosmarinic acids. Conclusion: Our results especially highlight B. brasiliense, with pronounced phenols content and strong effects on selected targets related to neurodegeneration, being characterized as a natural safe source of bioactive hydroxycinnamic acids.

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      Andrade, J. M. D. M., Biegelmeyer, R., Dresch, R. R., Maurmann, N., & Pranke, P. (2016). In vitro Antioxidant and Enzymatic Approaches to Evaluate Neuroprotector Potential of Blechnum Extracts without Cytotoxicity to Human Stem Cells. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 12(47), 171–177. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.186349