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    Zerumbone Suppresses Angiogenesis in HepG2 Cells through Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Expressions

    Nozlena Abdul Samad1,2★, Ahmad Bustamam Abdul1, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman3,4,5, Abdullah Rasedee1,6, Tengku Azmi Tengku Ibrahim1,6, Yeap Swee Keon1,6★ Corresponding author

    1. 1UPM-MAKNA, Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
    2. 2Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
    3. 3Department of Clinic and Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, Iraq.
    4. 4Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Chaq Chaq Qularaese, Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, Iraq.
    5. 5Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
    6. 6Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Nozlena Abdul Samad

    UPM-MAKNA, Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

    nozlena88@gmail.com

    Received: 19-01-2017; Revised: 03-03-2017; Accepted: 31-01-2018.

    Volume 13, Issue 52s · pp. S731–6 · PUBLISHED 31 January 2018 · DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_18_17

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Context: Due to increase in the number of patients with impaired immunity, the incidence of liver cancer has increased considerably. Aims: The aim of this study is the investigation the in vitro anticancer effect of zerumbone (ZER) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: The anticancer mechanism of ZER was determined by the rat aortic ring, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferation, chorioallantoic membrane, cell migration, and proliferation inhibition assays. Results: Our results showed that ZER reduced tube formation by HUVECs effectively inhibits new blood vessel and tissue matrix formation. Western blot analysis revealed that ZER significantly (P < 0.05) decreased expression of molecular effectors of angiogenesis, the matrix metalloproteinase-9, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor proteins. We found that ZER inhibited the proliferation and suppressed migration of HepG2 cell in dose-dependent manner. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analyses were performed according to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17.0. The data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Conclusion: The study for the first time showed that ZER is an inhibitor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and spread, which is suggested to be the mechanisms for its anti-HCC effect.

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      Samad, N. A., Abdul, A. B., Rahman, H. S., Rasedee, A., Ibrahim, T. A. T., & Keon, Y. S. (2018). Zerumbone Suppresses Angiogenesis in HepG2 Cells through Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Expressions. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 13(52s), S731–6. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_18_17