A Comparative Study on Antibacterial Activities of Alcohol Disinfectants and α-Mangostin Extract
Mohammed Sohel Meah1, Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant2, Kris John Silvano1, Rakhimov Abdurakhim Ramazon Ugli1, Min Gab Kim1★★ Corresponding author
- 1College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- 2Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
CORRESPONDENCE
Min Gab Kim
College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
Received: 26-02-2024; Accepted: 08-04-2024.
Volume 20, Issue 4 · pp. 1268–1275 · PUBLISHED 2024 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241262569
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ABSTRACT
Background: A green and efficient process, free from toxic solvents, was employed to prepare an α-mangostin-rich extract. Conventional techniques like maceration and heat reflux extraction are recognized for their time-intensive nature, as well as the requirement for significant quantities of organic solvents. This innovative process not only reduces energy consumption but also streamlines production steps, providing a more sustainable alternative in herbal medicine preparation. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the antibacterial activities of alcohol disinfectants and α-mangostin extract-containing disinfectants against tested microorganisms. Materials and Methods: The α-mangostin-rich extract was obtained from dried powders of Garcinia mangostana pericarps utilizing the microwave-assisted extraction method with polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400). The α-mangostin content in the resultant extract was determined through the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Additionally, a broth microdilution method was utilized to investigate the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of each compound against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Results: According to a microdilution method, the disinfectant comprising isopropanol (50% and 70%) with 1% α-mangostin extract demonstrated antibacterial effectiveness against both MRSA and S. pseudintermedius. The MICs and MBCs were observed within dilutions ranging from 1:64 to 1:512 and 1:64 to 1:256, respectively. Ethanol (50% and 70%) plus 1% α-mangostin extract disinfectant exhibited antibacterial activity with MICs and MBCs at dilutions of 1:32–1:512 and 1:16–1:128, respectively. Moreover, isopropanol and ethanol (30%) with 1% α-mangostin extract disinfectant demonstrated antibacterial activity with MICs and MBCs at dilutions of 1:16–1:256 and 1:4–1:128, respectively. However, isopropanol (50% and 70%) and ethanol (50% and 70%) disinfectants showed weaker antibacterial activity than α-mangostin extract-containing alcohol solutions. Although isopropanol (30%) disinfectant demonstrated antibacterial activity (MICs and MBCs at dilutions of 1:16–1:32), the 30% ethanol solution did not show any activity against either bacterium. In addition, α-mangostin extract exhibited stronger antibacterial activity (MICs and MBCs at dilutions of 1:625–1:5,000) than all alcohol solutions. Conclusion: The combination of isopropanol and ethanol disinfectants with α-mangostin-rich extract exhibited significant antibacterial effectiveness against MRSA and S. pseudintermedius. The enhancement of efficacy by α-mangostin-rich extract suggests promising opportunities for enhancing disinfection approaches.
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Meah, M. S., Panichayupakaranant, P., Silvano, K. J., Ugli, R. A. R., & Kim, M. G. (2024). A Comparative Study on Antibacterial Activities of Alcohol Disinfectants and α-Mangostin Extract. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 20(4), 1268–1275. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296241262569