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    Journal of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapeuticsNOW IN
    Article

    Vitamin D3 Attenuates Type 3 Diabetic‑Associated Cognitive Deficits in Rats through Regulating Neurotrophins and Enhancing Cholinergic Transmission Pathway

    Yahya Abdullah Al-Zahrani1, Mai A. Alim A. Sattar2, Sameer E. Al-Harthi2, Ayed A. Alkatheeri1, Yahya Mohammed Al-Zahrani3★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacy, East Jeddah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.
    2. 2Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
    3. 3Department of Pharmacy, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Yahya Mohammed Al-Zahrani

    Department of Pharmacy, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

    yahya-alhopen@hotmail.com

    Received: 12-02-2021; Revised: 06-04-2021; Accepted: 27-04-2021.

    Volume 12, Issue 2 · pp. 47–53 · PUBLISHED 17 September 2021 · DOI: 10.4103/jpp.jpp_20_21

    View on J Pharmacol. Pharmacother. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Objective: To examine the protective effect of Vitamin D3 against Type 3 diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats. Materials and Methods: Type 3 diabetes was induced by a high‑fat diet plus streptozotocin in rats. Rats were divided into seven groups: negative control, positive control, Vitamin D3 groups (100, 500 and 1000 IU/kg/day), Vitamin D3 plus rivastigmine, and rivastigmine monotherapy. A radial arm maze test was used to assess cognitive function. Levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), dopamine (DA), nerve growth factor, neurotrophin‑3 (NT‑3), and glial cell line‑derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in the hippocampus were estimated by the enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: Chronic treatment with Vitamin D3 significantly (P < 0.05) and dose dependently alleviated cognitive deficits, with enhancing cholinergic transmission pathway activity through attenuated hippocampal AChE and increased DA level (P < 0.001). Moreover, Vitamin D3 significantly increased (P < 0.001) neurotrophin levels as an underlying mechanism for the resulted improvement. Conclusion: Vitamin D3 plus rivastigmine (combined group) is better than Vitamin D (100 and 500 mg/kg/day) for improvement of AChE, DA, NT‑3, and GDNF levels. Vitamin D (500 and 1000 IU/kg/day) was effective as a combined group in terms of the behavioral test.

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      Al-Zahrani, Y. A., Sattar, M. A. A. A., Al-Harthi, S. E., Alkatheeri, A. A., & Al-Zahrani, Y. M. (2021). Vitamin D3 Attenuates Type 3 Diabetic‑Associated Cognitive Deficits in Rats through Regulating Neurotrophins and Enhancing Cholinergic Transmission Pathway. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 12(2), 47–53. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.jpp_20_21