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    Journal of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapeuticsNOW IN
    Review

    The Role of TGF-β in Cognitive Decline Associated with Radiotherapy in Brain Tumor

    G. S. Swarna Bindu1, Dithu Thekkekkara1, T. Lakshmi Narayanan1, Jiju Narayanan1, Sri Harsha Chalasani2, S. N. Manjula1★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSSAHER, SS Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
    2. 2Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSSAHER, SS Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    S. N. Manjula

    Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSSAHER, SS Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India.

    snmanjula@jssuni.edu.in

    Received: 27-01-2022; Revised: 18-05-2022; Accepted: 29-05-2022.

    Volume 13, Issue 2 · pp. 125–134 · PUBLISHED 2022 · DOI: 10.1177/0976500X221107503

    View on J Pharmacol. Pharmacother. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Cognitive decline is a late adverse event in brain tumor survivors. The patients receiving radiation treatment exhibit a wide range of damage and impairment in attention, memory, and executive function compared to the untreated group. After radiation treatment, various changes are observed in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, white matter, and vasculature. The major affected areas are the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Neurogenesis impairment is one of the primary mechanisms responsible for cognitive dysfunction. Various cytokines and growth factors are responsible for inducing apoptosis of neural cells, which results in impaired neurogenesis in response to radiotherapy. Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) is one of the key cytokines released in response to radiation. TGF-β plays a major role in neuronal apoptosis through various pathways such as the MAP kinase pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, and protein kinase pathway. In contrast, activation of the ALK5 pathway via TGF-β improves neurogenesis. So, the current review article focuses on the detailed effects of TGF-β on neuronal cells concerning radiation exposure. This in-depth knowledge will help researchers focus more on the TGF-β pathway and come up with new treatment schedules which will help reduce cognitive dysfunctions in brain tumor patients produced as a result of radiation therapy.

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      Bindu, G. S. S., Thekkekkara, D., Narayanan, T. L., Narayanan, J., Chalasani, S. H., & Manjula, S. N. (2022). The Role of TGF-β in Cognitive Decline Associated with Radiotherapy in Brain Tumor. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 13(2), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0976500X221107503