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    Journal of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapeuticsNOW IN
    Article

    Evaluation of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions in Cardiac Inpatients at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study Pushpa V. H.1 , Shurti Pareek1 , Manjappa M.2 , Ranjith Raj1 , Sulochanadevi B. C.3

    and Vidya Gowdappa Doddawad4★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
    2. 2Department of Cardiology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
    3. 3School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
    4. 4Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    and Vidya Gowdappa Doddawad

    Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.

    dr.vidyagowdappadoddawad@jssuni.edu.in

    Received: 05-06-2025; Accepted: 09-07-2025.

    Volume 17, Issue 2 · pp. 214–219 · PUBLISHED 2026 · DOI: 10.1177/0976500X251371105

    View on J Pharmacol. Pharmacother. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) are a significant concern among cardiac inpatients, potentially impacting therapeutic outcomes and patient safety. Early identification and management of potential DDIs are crucial in preventing adverse events, especially in complex treatment regimens. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, severity, and clinical relevance of potential DDIs among cardiac inpatients at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, observational study design that was conducted over 6 months among cardiac inpatients receiving multiple medications to analyze the incidence of DDIs in patients treated in the cardiology department. Patient data, including demographic details, diagnosis, and prescribed medications, were collected and analyzed. Potential DDIs were identified using standard drug interaction databases, and their severity was classified into minor, moderate, and major categories. Results: The occurrence of DDIs was observed to be higher in male patients compared to female patients and was more prevalent in individuals aged 51–70 years. Minor to moderate DDIs were more frequently detected than severe interactions. Additionally, pharmacodynamic interactions were more common than pharmacokinetic interactions. Conclusion: Potential DDIs are common among cardiac inpatients, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring. Involving clinical pharmacists and individualized medication management, especially for elderly patients, can minimize risks, ensuring better patient safety, effective treatment outcomes, and optimized pharmacodynamic interaction management.

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      Doddawad, A. V. G. (2026). Evaluation of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions in Cardiac Inpatients at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study Pushpa V. H.1 , Shurti Pareek1 , Manjappa M.2 , Ranjith Raj1 , Sulochanadevi B. C.3. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 17(2), 214–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/0976500X251371105