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    Article

    Isolation and identification of cytotoxic compounds from the rhizomes of Paris quadrifolia L.

    Jerzy Gajdus1★, Zbigniew Kaczyński1, Anna Kawiak2, Ewa Łojkowska2, Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk3, J. Renata Ochocka3, Piotr Stepnowski1★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80‑308, Gdańsk, Poland.
    2. 2Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Kładki 24, 80‑822, Gdańsk, Poland.
    3. 3Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80‑416, Gdańsk, Poland.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Jerzy Gajdus

    Department of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80‑308, Gdańsk, Poland.

    justynastef@gumed.edu.pl

    Received: 12-07-2013; Revised: 29-08-2013.

    Volume 10, Issue 38s · pp. 324–333 · PUBLISHED 28 May 2014 · DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.133289

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Paris quadrifolia L. is a medicinal plant which contains steroidal saponins. The present study reports isolation and structural identification of six pennogenyl saponins obtained from P. quadrifolia rhizomes. The four spirostan saponins were obtained from P. quadrifolia for the first time. The cytotoxic effects of the sub‑fractions and six compounds isolated from the plant extract were evaluated on tumour cells. Materials and Methods: Ethanol extract from the rhizomes of P. quadrifolia were partinioned using column chromatography. The saponins were isolated from the obtained sub‑fractions by isocratic RP HPLC and their structures were determined by means of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and MALDI TOF MS. The cytotoxic effects of the sub‑fractions and the isolated compounds were tested against human promyelocytic leukaemia cells (HL‑60), human cervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa) and human breast cancer cells (MCF‑7) using the [(3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)]‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: Six pennogenyl saponins were isolated from P. quadrifolia rhizomes: pennogenin 3‑O‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside (1), pennogenin 3‑O‑α‑L‑rhamnopyranosyl‑(1→4)‑ β‑D‑glucopyranoside (2), pennogenin 3‑O‑α‑L‑rhamnopyranosyl‑(1→2)‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside (3), pennogenin 3‑O‑α‑L‑rhamnopyranosyl‑(1→4)‑α‑L‑rhamnopyranosyl‑(1→4)‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside (4), pennogenin 3‑O‑α‑L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α‑L‑rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside (5), pennogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1→2)]‑β‑D-glucopyranoside (6). Pennogenyl saponins 5 and 6 exhibited cytotoxic activity against HL‑60, HeLa and MCF‑7 tumour cells with IC50 values of 1.0 ± 0.04 μg/ml, 1.8 ± 0.072 μg/ml and 2.4 ± 0.096 μg/ml respectively, and 2.0 ± 0.08 μg/ml, 2.5 ± 0.125 μg/ml and 3.2 ± 0.128 μg/ml respectively. Conclusion: Compounds 1‑4 were isolated from this species for the first time.

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      Gajdus, J., Kaczyński, Z., Kawiak, A., Łojkowska, E., Stefanowicz-Hajduk, J., Ochocka, J. R., & Stepnowski, P. (2014). Isolation and identification of cytotoxic compounds from the rhizomes of Paris quadrifolia L.. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 10(38s), 324–333. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.133289