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    Sub‑chronic Administration of Methanolic Whole Fruit Extract of Lagenaria breviflora (Benth.) Roberty Induces Mild Toxicity in Rats

    Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola2,3, Anthony Jide Afolayan2★, Adewale Adetutu3★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Medicinal Plant and Economic Development Research Center, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa.
    2. 2Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Anthony Jide Afolayan

    Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria.

    aafolayan@ufh.ac.za

    Volume 11, Issue 44s3 · pp. 516–521 · PUBLISHED 2015 · DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.172955

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: The effect of the methanolic whole fruit extract from Lagenaria breviflora on vital organs and antioxidant enzymes was investigated in this study. Materials and Methods: L. breviflora (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/b.w.t./ day/rat) was fed orally with the cannula to male albino rats for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, the rats were sacrificed and the effect of the extract on histology of the liver, heart, lipid peroxidation, tissue and serum antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione‑s‑transferase, glutathione peroxidase) activities, glutathione, myocardial marker enzymes (creatine kinase [CK], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], alanine transaminase [ALT], and aspartate transaminase [AST]) in serum, and heart homogenate were assessed. Results: The extract demonstrated mild organ doses dependent (500 and 1000 mg/kg) pathological alterations in the architectural section of the liver and heart. At 250 mg/kg/b.w.t., the extract caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the level of thiobarbituric reacting acids substance and antioxidant enzyme activities, but causes (P < 0.05) decrease in serum and tissue antioxidant capacity at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/b.w.t., respectively. Also on these two doses, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in serum activity of CK, LDH, ALT, and AST and concomitantly decrease (P < 0.05) in heart homogenate were also observed. Conclusion: The results suggested that the Fruit of L. breviflora may contain phytotoxic Substances(s) which may be hepatotoxic, cardiotoxic or able to induce oxidative stress at high concentration. Hence, the consumption of the plant should be taken with caution.

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      Olorunnisola, O. S., Afolayan, A. J., & Adetutu, A. (2015). Sub‑chronic Administration of Methanolic Whole Fruit Extract of Lagenaria breviflora (Benth.) Roberty Induces Mild Toxicity in Rats. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 11(44s3), 516–521. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.172955