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    Rhinacanthins‑rich Extract Enhances Glucose Uptake and Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3‑L1 Adipocytes and L6 Myotubes

    Muhammad Ajmal Shah2, Chanawee Jakkawanpitak3, Decha Sermwittayawong3, Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant2,4★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.
    2. 2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.
    3. 3Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat‑Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant

    Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.

    pharkphoom.p@psu.ac.th

    Received: 10-06-2017; Revised: 19-06-2017.

    Volume 13, Issue 52s · pp. S817–S821 · PUBLISHED 31 January 2018 · DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_236_17

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Obesity is one of the imperative dynamics in the incidence and intensification of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf extracts are previously reported for their antidiabetic and antiobesity potential. Objective: The present study was performed to evaluate glucose uptake stimulatory and antiadipogenic activities of a standardized rhinacanthins‑rich extract (RRE) and its marker compounds namely rhinacanthin‑C (RC), rhinacanthin‑D (RD), and rhinacanthin‑N (RN) in 3T3‑L1 and L6 cells. Materials and Methods: RRE was prepared by a green extraction process, and the marker compounds (RC, RD, and RN) were isolated from the RRE using a silica gel column chromatography. Glucose uptake stimulation in both 3T3‑L1 and L6 cells was performed by quantification of residual glucose in the media using glucose oxidase kit. Antiadipogenic activity in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes was performed by intracellular lipids quantification using oil red O dye. Results: At the highest effective dose, RRE (20 µg/mL) exhibited satisfactory glucose uptake stimulatory effect in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes that equivalent to RN (20 µg/mL) and the positive control insulin (0.58 µg/mL) but higher than RC (20 µg/mL) and RD (20 µg/mL). In addition, treatments of L6 myotubes showed that RRE (2.5 µg/mL) exhibited potent and equivalent glucose uptake stimulation (>80%) to RC (2.5 µg/mL) and the standard drugs, insulin (2.90 µg/mL) and metformin (219.5 µg/mL), but higher than RD (2.5 µg/mL) and RN (2.5 µg/mL). Furthermore, RRE (20 µg/mL) exhibited potent antiadipogenic effect in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes, which equivalent to RC (20 µg/mL) but higher than RD (20 µg/mL) and RN (20 µg/mL). Conclusions: The undertaken study suggests that RRE could be used as an effective remedy in the treatment of obesity‑associated T2DM.

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      Shah, M. A., Jakkawanpitak, C., Sermwittayawong, D., & Panichayupakaranant, P. (2018). Rhinacanthins‑rich Extract Enhances Glucose Uptake and Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3‑L1 Adipocytes and L6 Myotubes. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 13(52s), S817–S821. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_236_17