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    Exploring the Potential of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. Extract against Spatial Memory Deficit in Rats

    Nilanjan Changdar1, Rajesh Kumar Ganjhu2, Samita Rijal1, Ayush Kumar1, Shanchari Basu Mallik1, Madhavan Nampoothiri1, Rekha R. Shenoy1, Kiran B. Sonawane3, Mallikarjuna C. Rao1, Jayesh Mudgal1★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
    2. 2Radhika Ayurveda Research and Development, India.
    3. 3Organic Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Jayesh Mudgal

    Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

    jayesh.mudgal@manipal.edu

    Received: 29-09-2018; Revised: 09-11-2018.

    Volume 15, Issue 62s · pp. S78–S83 · PUBLISHED 26 April 2019 · DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_501_18

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the preclinical efficacy of D. gangeticum against chronic dementia when administered prophylactically. Materials and Methods: Chronic spatial memory deficit was induced in rats by aluminum chloride (AlCl3, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Treatment with hydroalcoholic whole plant extract of D. gangeticum (DG extract) was initiated 2 week before AlCl3 challenge and continued till the 51st day after the challenge, orally at the dose of 400 mg/kg/day. The spatial memory was assessed by Morris water maze test. Hippocampal and frontal cortex acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and oxidative stress were assessed in diseased rat brains. Results: Chronic administration of AlCl3 produced spatial memory deficit in rats. Memory impairment was manifested in rats as an increase in escape latency and D‑quadrant latency whereas a decrease in total time spent in D‑quadrant. These behavioral alterations were reversed significantly by the treatment with DG extract. In addition, DG extract significantly increased the island time, indicating memory improvement. DG extract corrected the declined AChE in frontal cortex and altered frontal cortex/hippocampus catalase activity. Phytochemical investigation of the DG extract revealed large content of saponins among the other phytochemicals such as tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Conclusion: These results indicate the possible prophylactic potential of saponin‑rich DG extract against chronic memory deficit in rats.

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      Changdar, N., Ganjhu, R. K., Rijal, S., Kumar, A., Mallik, S. B., Nampoothiri, M., Shenoy, R. R., Sonawane, K. B., Rao, M. C., & Mudgal, J. (2019). Exploring the Potential of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. Extract against Spatial Memory Deficit in Rats. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 15(62s), S78–S83. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_501_18