Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Cissus quadrangularis and Cissus repens
was: NaCl, 118; KCl, 4.7; CaCl2, 2.5; MgSO4, 1.2; KH2PO4, 1.2; NaHCO1★★ Corresponding author
- 1; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.026 and dextrose, 11.1. The solution was maintained at pH 7.4 and gassed with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 at 37°C. The rings were initially stretched to a basal tension of 3.0 g before allowing them to equilibrate in the bathing medium; tissues were allowed to stabilize for 20 min. The contractions were recorded with an isometric vertical force transducer (BIOPAC®) connected to a MP150 Data Analysis Software (Acknowledge®). After the stabilization period, the tissues were stimulated with NE (0.1 μM) during 10 min, and then they were washed with new Krebs solution. This sensitization process of the tissues was repeated three times, with intervals of 30 min, before starting the experiments. The absence of endothelium was confirmed by the lack of the relaxant response induced by the CCh (1 μM) during the last contraction. Finally, for the evaluation period, all tissues were contracted with NE (0.1 μM) and was added to the bath quarter‑log cumulative concentrations (2.16–210 μM) of the mix‑H:N or positive control (CCh [1.13 × 10‑04 to 10 μM]), a cholinergic agonist, for the experiments with endothelium and nifedipine (1.13 × 10‑04 to 10 μM), a calcium channel blocker agent, for experiments without endothelium). Determination of mode of action of mix‑H:N on aortic rings To establish the mode of action of mix‑H:N, after the stabilization and sensitization period, the following experiments were conducted. • In order to know the role of Nitric Oxide (NO) or soluble Guanylyl Cyclase enzyme (sGC) in the vasorelaxant effect of the mix‑H:N.
CORRESPONDENCE
was: NaCl, 118; KCl, 4.7; CaCl2, 2.5; MgSO4, 1.2; KH2PO4, 1.2; NaHCO
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.026 and dextrose, 11.1. The solution was maintained at pH 7.4 and gassed with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 at 37°C. The rings were initially stretched to a basal tension of 3.0 g before allowing them to equilibrate in the bathing medium; tissues were allowed to stabilize for 20 min. The contractions were recorded with an isometric vertical force transducer (BIOPAC®) connected to a MP150 Data Analysis Software (Acknowledge®). After the stabilization period, the tissues were stimulated with NE (0.1 μM) during 10 min, and then they were washed with new Krebs solution. This sensitization process of the tissues was repeated three times, with intervals of 30 min, before starting the experiments. The absence of endothelium was confirmed by the lack of the relaxant response induced by the CCh (1 μM) during the last contraction. Finally, for the evaluation period, all tissues were contracted with NE (0.1 μM) and was added to the bath quarter‑log cumulative concentrations (2.16–210 μM) of the mix‑H:N or positive control (CCh [1.13 × 10‑04 to 10 μM]), a cholinergic agonist, for the experiments with endothelium and nifedipine (1.13 × 10‑04 to 10 μM), a calcium channel blocker agent, for experiments without endothelium). Determination of mode of action of mix‑H:N on aortic rings To establish the mode of action of mix‑H:N, after the stabilization and sensitization period, the following experiments were conducted. • In order to know the role of Nitric Oxide (NO) or soluble Guanylyl Cyclase enzyme (sGC) in the vasorelaxant effect of the mix‑H:N.
Received: 22-09-2018; Revised: 09-11-2018; Accepted: 12-11-2018.
Volume 15, Issue 62s · pp. S84–S91 · PUBLISHED 26 April 2019 · DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_489_18
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ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of mixture of Hesperidin: Naringenin (mix‑H:N). Materials and Methods: The relaxant effect and the mechanism of action of mix‑H:N were studied on isolated aorta of Wistar rats. Aortic reactivity was determined through concentration‑response curves of norepinephrine (NE) and carbamylcholine or carbachol (CCh) after intragastric administration of mix‑H:N (150 mg/kg) for 30 days. The antihypertensive effect of a single dose of mix‑H:N was studied on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Results: Mix‑H:N produced concentration‑dependent relaxation response in Wistar rat’s aorta pre‑contracted by NE. Inhibitors of NO production and inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ influx caused a significant blockade on the relaxation response to mix‑H:N; besides, mix‑H:N elicited a vasorelaxant effect on KCl (80 mM)‑induced contraction. In addition, oral administration of 150 mg/kg of mix‑H:N of SHR rats evoked a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 5 h and 7 h after administration. Finally, sub‑chronic oral administration of mix H:N for 30 days caused ex vivo vascular reactivity modification on NE‑induced contraction and CCh‑induced relaxation, improving endothelial function. Conclusion: The mix‑H:N has the vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effect that may be attributed to an increase of NO production and a blockade of the Ca2+ channels on VSMCs. Furthermore, mix‑H:N improves endothelial function of Wistar rats acting as a potential prophylactic against CVDs.
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NaHCO, W. N. K. C. M. K. (2019). Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Cissus quadrangularis and Cissus repens. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 15(62s), S84–S91. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_489_18