Phcog.Net logo
Submit

BROWSE ALL JOURNALS

    SEE ALL 6 JOURNALS
    Pharmacognosy MagazineNOW IN
    Article

    Exploring the Potential of Flavonoids as Efflorescing Antidiabetic: An Updated SAR and Mechanistic Based Approach

    Katharigatta N. Venugopala2,3★, Jasmine Chaudhary4, Vishal Sharma4, Akash Jain4, Manish Kumar4, Diksha Sharma5, Pottathil Shinu6, Bandar E. Aldhubiab2, PranKishore Deb7, Osama I. Alwassil8, Mahesh Attimarad2, Anroop B. Nair2, Nagaraja Sreeharsha2,9, Rashmi Venugopala10, Mahmoud Kandeel11,12, Christophe Tratrat2, Wael El-Deeb13,14, Michelyne Haroun2, Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally15, Viresh Mohanlall3, Mohamed A. Morsy2,16★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Departments of, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
    2. 2Pharmaceutical Sciences, Egypt.
    3. 3Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa.
    4. 4M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.
    5. 5Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India,6Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan,7Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia.
    6. 6Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
    7. 7Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
    8. 8Department of Public Health Medicine, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, Departments of, Egypt, South Africa.
    9. 9Biomedical Sciences, Egypt.
    10. 10Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
    11. 11Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
    12. 12Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
    13. 13Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius, Egypt.
    14. 14Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Katharigatta N. Venugopala

    Pharmaceutical Sciences, Egypt.

    kvenugopala@kfu.edu.sa (K.N.V.)

    Received: 02-08-2022; Revised: 05-09-2022; Accepted: 08-09-2022.

    Volume 18, Issue 80 · pp. 791–807 · PUBLISHED 27 September 2022 · DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_372_22

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Diabetes is a metabolic complication distinguished mainly by persistent hyperglycemia and is involved in the formation of reactive oxygen species, thereby causing oxidative stress, which is the major culprit for diabetic complications in different organs, including the vascular system. Controlling blood glucose is the most effective strategy for preventing diabetes and its complications. Currently, the available antidiabetic therapy is associated with several side effects, thus inexhaustible attention has been paid toward the development of natural compounds. The present review highlights the different types of flavonoids as potent antidiabetic agents along with their structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies, which will definitely aid in designing innovative molecules with improved antidiabetic efficacy. The type of substitution in the flavonoid core structure decides their bindings at different biological targets involved in diabetes development such as xanthine oxidase inhibitors, SGLT-II inhibitors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, PPAR-γ agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors. Based on SAR investigation, a double bond between C2 and C3 positions, hydroxy substitutions at C5 and C7 positions of ring A, and substitution by the ketonic group at the C4 position were considered as lead modifications in the bioactivity of flavonoids for potent antidiabetic activity.

    KEYWORDS

    Open in new tab

    REFERENCES

    As published

    Showing references and in-text citations exactly as published.

      Cite this article

      SELECT FORMAT

      Venugopala, K. N., Chaudhary, J., Sharma, V., Jain, A., Kumar, M., Sharma, D., Shinu, P., Aldhubiab, B. E., Deb, P., Alwassil, O. I., Attimarad, M., Nair, A. B., Sreeharsha, N., Venugopala, R., Kandeel, M., Tratrat, C., El-Deeb, W., Haroun, M., Mahomoodally, M. F., ... Morsy, M. A. (2022). Exploring the Potential of Flavonoids as Efflorescing Antidiabetic: An Updated SAR and Mechanistic Based Approach. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 18(80), 791–807. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_372_22