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    Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant, and Antifungal Activities of Ethyl Acetate and Chloroformic Extracts from Three Mentha Species

    Nouha Bouali1, Hafedh Hajlaoui2,3,4, Soumaya Arraouadi4,5,6, Mohd Saeed1, Munazzah Tasleem7, Snoussi Mejdi1,8,9, Adel Kadri10,11★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, SAUDI ARABIA.
    2. 2Laboratory of Plant-Soil-Environment Interactions, LR21ES01, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
    3. 3Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, University of Kairouan, Campus University Agricultural City, Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia.
    4. 4Mixed Tunisian-Moroccan Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology and Climate Change (LR11ES09), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis El Manar 2092, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia/ Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad Marrakech, Morocco.
    5. 5Regional Center of Agricultural Research (CRRA) Sidi Bouzid, Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia .
    6. 6Laboratory of Valorization of Unconventional Waters, INRGREF, University of Carthage, Road Hedi El Karray, El Menzah IV, Ariana, Tunisia.
    7. 7School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
    8. 8Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddad, Monastir, Tunisia.
    9. 9Medical and Diagnostic Research Center, University of Ha’il, Hail, SAUDI ARABIA.
    10. 10Department of Chemistry, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
    11. 11Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Adel Kadri

    Regional Center of Agricultural Research (CRRA) Sidi Bouzid, Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia.

    lukadel@yahoo.fr

    Received: 07-05-2023; Accepted: 17-07-2023.

    Volume 20, Issue 1 · pp. 137–145 · PUBLISHED 2024 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296231202104

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Phytopathogenic fungi remain the main infectious agents in plants, causing severe damage to the environment and human health. Thus, to reduce the usage of synthetically derived fungicides and perform agricultural crop production, the search for new control strategies including plant extracts constitutes an eco-friendly and safe alternative. Objectives: This study aimed to quantify the phytochemical constituents of the three plant (Mentha pulegium L., Mentha spicata L., and Mentha longifolia L.) extracts and to screen their phytochemical composition including total phenolic (TPC), flavonoids (TFC) and condensed tannins contents (TCTC), and to evaluate their antioxidant activities. The efficacy of all mint extracts will be investigated against phytopathogenic fungal species. Materials and Methods: The three plant extracts were screened to assess their total phenolic, flavonoids, and condensed tannin contents using spectrophotometric assays. The antioxidant activities include 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene assays. The antifungal activities were investigated on phytopathogenic species including Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Trichoderma sp. Results: Quantitative analyses of phytochemical constituents of Mentha genus extracts revealed that both ethyl acetate (EtAc) and chloroformic (Chl) extracts are a rich source of phenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Ethyl acetate extract of M. longifolia (EtAc L) displayed the highest content of phenols (69.9 ± 1.35 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoids (53.26 ± 2.11 mg CE/g DW), while M. pulegium ethyl acetate extract (EtAc P) has the highest condensed tannins content (2.13 ± 0.4 mg CE/g DW). Moreover, the tested extracts exhibited potent antioxidant activities at low concentrations for EtAc L, followed by M. spicata (EtAc S), and EtAc P (IC50 = 35.76 ± 1.32 µg/mL for scavenging DPPH free radicals; EC50 527.96 ± 5.45 µg/mL for FRAP, and IC50 = 106.3 ± 3.75 µg/mL for β-carotene bleaching test). Finally, all tested extracts were able to inhibit the growth of several phytopathogenic micro-organisms on both agar and broth media. Conclusion: The Mentha extracts derived from the three mint species (i.e., L, P, and S) could be used for their antifungal activities to provide sustainable crop pest management.

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      Bouali, N., Hajlaoui, H., Arraouadi, S., Saeed, M., Tasleem, M., Mejdi, S., & Kadri, A. (2024). Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant, and Antifungal Activities of Ethyl Acetate and Chloroformic Extracts from Three Mentha Species. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 20(1), 137–145. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231202104