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    Article

    Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Litchi chinensis Sonn

    Marisa De Oliveira Lopes1, Ana Flávia Da Silva1, Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira2, Ingridy Simone Ribeiro3, Isael Aparecido Rosa1, Luis Felipe Cunha Dos Reis1★, Marcelo Aparecido Da Silva1, Marcos José Marques3, Jorge Kleber Chavasco2, Geraldo Alves Da Silva1★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Food and Drugs, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, BRAZIL.
    2. 2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, BRAZIL.
    3. 3Department of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, BRAZIL.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Luis Felipe Cunha Dos Reis

    Department of Food and Drugs, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, BRAZIL.

    luis_cunhaz@yahoo.com.br

    Volume 11, Issue 1 · pp. 1–7 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_105_18

    View on Pharmacogn. Res. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Litchi chinensis is used in traditional Chinese medicine and by Indian medical system. Ethnopharmacological studies show anti‑inflammatory, antidiabetic and analgesic activities, among others. However, there are few studies of antimicrobial activity. This study evaluates antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity properties of the lychee’s leaves extract (LE) and fractions. Materials and Methods:Extracts were obtained using an exhaustive extraction method with ethanol: Water (7:3 v/v). Subsequently, LE was concentrated in a rotary evaporator. Finally, LE was dried via lyophilization. Fractions were obtained via the partition process. Bioactivity of the LE and fractions (hexane [Hex], ethyl acetate [EtOAc], n‑butanol [BuOH], and aqueous [Aq]) from L. chinensis was evaluated through antimicrobial activity using broth microdilution, antioxidant activity via both 1,1‑diphenyl‑2‑picryl‑hidrazila assay and ferric reducing capacity and cytotoxicity through 3‑(4,5‑dimethyl‑thiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay. Furthermore, mass spectrometry technique electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry was used to identify the chemical composition of the LE and fractions. Results: Phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and condensed tannins were the main substances found. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were higher in EtOAc (541.15 ± 2.4 mg/g and 31.06 ± 0.5 mg/g, respectively). This fraction showed the best results for antioxidant activity (IC50 = 3.45 mg/mL) and ferric reducing capacity (20.27% ± 0.11). The LE and fractions showed considerable antimicrobial activity, chiefly against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus mirabilis, with the minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 50 to 1560 μg/ml. Conclusion: This study revealed that L. chinensis is a source of bioactive compounds potentially useful for pharmaceutical and food industries.

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      Lopes, M. D. O., Silva, A. F. D., Cerdeira, C. D., Ribeiro, I. S., Rosa, I. A., Reis, L. F. C. D., Silva, M. A. D., Marques, M. J., Chavasco, J. K., & Silva, G. A. D. (). Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Litchi chinensis Sonn. Pharmacognosy Research, 11(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4103/pr.pr_105_18