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    Article

    Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Activities of the Aerial Parts of Caralluma dalzielii N. E. Brown

    Chinenye J. Ugwah Oguejiofor1★, Halilu E. Mshelia2,3, Junaidu Bello1, Isah Inuwa1, Abdullahi Sulaiman1★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto, NIGERIA.
    2. 2Department of Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, TURKEY.
    3. 3Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346 Sokoto, NIGERIA.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Chinenye J. Ugwah Oguejiofor

    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto, NIGERIA.

    nenye789@yahoo.com

    Received: 10-11-2021; Revised: 07-12-2021; Accepted: 21-12-2021.

    Volume 14, Issue 1 · pp. 82–88 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.5530/pres.14.1.12

    View on Pharmacogn. Res. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background:Caralluma dalzielii N.E. Brown is commonly referred to as “Karan massalanci” in the Northwest Nigeria where it is used in treating several ailments including pain, diarrhea and stomach issues. Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities of aqueous aerial parts extract of Caralluma dalzielii. Materials and Methods: The aqueous aerial parts extract of Caralluma dalzielii (CDE) (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated for antidiarrheal properties against gastrointestinal motility, castor oil-induced and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) enteropooling models in Wistar rats. Its antioxidant properties were studied by determining the total phenolic content (TPC) using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, its free radical scavenging activity using 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and its ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays using potassium ferrocyanide ferric chloride methods. Ascorbic acid was used as the reference. Spasmolytic effect was studied in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations in an organ bath experiment using acetylcholine (ACh). Results: CDE significantly (p<0.05) reduced gastrointestinal transit of charcoal meal and the total number of diarrheal feces in the animals. The total phenolic content was determined to be 36.67±3.33 mg GAE/g. IC50 value of 63.44 mg/mL was calculated in DPPH assay. The FRAP value was found to increase as the concentration of the extract increased. CDE inhibited acetylcholine-induced contraction of the rabbit jejunum in a concentration dependent manner with complete inhibition at 20.48 mg/mL of the extract. Conclusion: The extract of Caralluma dalzielii possesses antidiarrheal activities which may be related to its antimotility, antioxidant and antispasmodic properties.

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      Oguejiofor, C. J. U., Mshelia, H. E., Bello, J., Inuwa, I., & Sulaiman, A. (). Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Activities of the Aerial Parts of Caralluma dalzielii N. E. Brown. Pharmacognosy Research, 14(1), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.14.1.12