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    Article

    GC-MS Profiling, Standardization and in vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity in Hemidesmus indicus L. (R.Br.) Roots Extracts

    Gayyur Fatima1, Mohammad Irfan Khan1★, Mohammad Ahmad1, Badruddeen B1, Juber Akhtar1★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Mohammad Irfan Khan

    Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.

    irfanrndgp@gmail.com

    Received: 13-10-2023; Revised: 27-12-2023; Accepted: 19-02-2023.

    Volume 16, Issue 2 · pp. 282–293 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.5530/pres.16.2.36

    View on Pharmacogn. Res. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Aim:The study was aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostic features of Hemidesmus indicus, analyze the antibacterial properties of ethanolic and aqueous root extracts, and identify bioactive compounds using GC-MS analysis. Materials and Methods:We conducted pharmacognostic analyses, including organoleptic, macroscopic, microscopic, and physio-chemical evaluations, phytochemical screening, and fluorescence analysis. We also used standard protocols for TLC fingerprinting. Antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria was assessed using the agar well diffusion method. Additionally, we conducted GC-MS analysis to identify major compounds in the plant extracts. Results: In our H. indicusroot examination, we identified three regions: wood, inner cortex, and outer phellem. Key findings: moisture content at 9.0% w/w, ethanol and water-soluble extractives at 11.21% and 16.89% w/w, total ash at 4.21% w/w, acid-insoluble ash at 1.14% w/w, and water-soluble ash at 3.12% w/w. Phytochemical screening detected alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, triterpenoids, carbohydrates, and proteins. TLC analysis of the ethanolic extract showed varying Rf values. The aqueous extract exhibited stronger antibacterial activity against E. colithan the ethanolic extract. GC-MS analysis identified over 30 prominent compounds in the ethanolic extract. Conclusion:In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights for the standardization of H. indicusroot extracts. The aqueous root extract displayed notable antibacterial properties. Furthermore, our GC-MS analysis identified the presence of phenolic, Fatty acids, and terpenoids compounds in the root extract of H. indicus, which hold potential therapeutic applications.

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      Fatima, G., Khan, M. I., Ahmad, M., B, B., & Akhtar, J. (). GC-MS Profiling, Standardization and in vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity in Hemidesmus indicus L. (R.Br.) Roots Extracts. Pharmacognosy Research, 16(2), 282–293. https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.16.2.36