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    Anti-tumor activity of safranal against neuroblastoma cells

    Saeed Samarghandian1, Mohammad Ebrahim Shoshtari2, Javad Sargolzaei3, Hosna Hossinimoghadam3, Jabbari Azad Farahzad4★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
    2. 2Preventive Cardiovascular Care Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
    3. 3Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
    4. 4Allergy Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Jabbari Azad Farahzad

    Allergy Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

    Jabarif@mums.ac.ir

    Received: 16-05-2012; Revised: 16-05-2012.

    Volume 10, Issue 38s · pp. 419–424 · PUBLISHED 28 May 2014 · DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.133296

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Objective: Safranal (2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde, C10H14O) is an active ingredient in the saffron, which is used in traditional medicine, and also, the biological activity of saffron in anti-cancer is in development. It has been reported to have anti-oxidant effects, but its anti-tumor effects remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of safranal on anti-tumor on neuroblastoma cells. Materials and Methods: Neuroblastoma cells were cultured and exposed to safranal (0, 10, 15, 20, 50 μg/ml). Cell proliferation was examined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptotic cells, cell cycle distribution, and sub-G1 fraction were analyzed using flow cytometric analysis after propidium iodide staining. Results: Safranal inhibited the growth of malignant cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. The IC (50) values against the neuroblastoma cell line were determined as 11.1 and 23.3 μg/ml after 24 and 48 h, respectively. Safranal induced a sub-G1 peak in the flow cytometry histogram of treated cells compared to control cells indicating that apoptotic cell death is involved in safranal toxicity. Conclusions: Our pre-clinical study demonstrated a neuroblastoma cell line to be highly sensitive to safranal-mediated growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death. Although the molecular mechanisms of safranal action are not yet clearly understood, it appears to have potential as a therapeutic agent.

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      Samarghandian, S., Shoshtari, M. E., Sargolzaei, J., Hossinimoghadam, H., & Farahzad, J. A. (2014). Anti-tumor activity of safranal against neuroblastoma cells. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 10(38s), 419–424. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.133296