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    Gastroprotective Effect of Formononetin against Ethanol‑Induced Gastric Ulceration in Rats via Augmentation of Cytoprotective Markers and Curtailing Apoptotic Gene Expression

    Alauddin Alauddin2,3, Swati Chaturvedi4,5, Lubna Azmi3, Ila Shukla3, Zaiba Naseem6, Chandana Venkateswara Rao3★, Naresh Kumar Agarwal2★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Zoology, HNB Garhwal Central University, Campus Badshahithaul Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
    2. 2Division of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology, CSIR‑National Botanical Research Institute, India.
    3. 3Department of Pharmaceutics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, India.
    4. 4Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR Central Drug Research Institute, India.
    5. 5Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Chandana Venkateswara Rao

    Department of Pharmaceutics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, India.

    chvrao@yahoo.com

    Received: 24-04-2018; Revised: 08-06-2018.

    Volume 14, Issue 59s · pp. S605–S612 · PUBLISHED 17 January 2019 · DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_205_18

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Formononetin (FMN), one of the major isoflavones in red clover, has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective, and cytoprotective activities. However, there is no report on the gastroprotective effect of FMN against ethanol‑induced gastric ulcer. Objective: Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to gastric ulcer, and the purpose of the present study was to examine the protective effect of FMN on mucosal lesions induced by ethanol. Materials and Methods: Fasted rats were orally administered with FMN at different doses, omeprazole (20 mg/kg), followed by intragastrical ingestion of ethanol (5 ml/kg) after 1 h and sacrificed after 1 h of exposure. Gross microscopic, macroscopic, and biochemical assays were scrutinized. Results: Compared with ethanol, FMN pretreatment showed a significant increase in the gastric levels of glutathione while decreased the malondialdehyde content remarkably. FMN pretreatment also bestowed the cytoprotective efficacy against ethanol‑induced ulceration by reestablishing the decreased level of nitrite (NO). Furthermore, in histopathological sections, reduced pathological changes of gastric lesions were markedly observed in the FMN‑pretreated groups compared with those in the ethanol group. Western blot analysis showed upregulation of BcL2 while downregulation of Bax in FMN‑pretreated gastric tissue of rats. Conclusion: These results indicate that FMN exerts gastroprotective effects through the antioxidative, anti‑inflammatory, and antiapoptotic that are probably mediated by enhanced NO release, suggesting its therapeutic use to treat gastric ulceration by preserving mucosal glycoproteins and diminishing oxidative stress.

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      Alauddin, A., Chaturvedi, S., Azmi, L., Shukla, I., Naseem, Z., Rao, C. V., & Agarwal, N. K. (2019). Gastroprotective Effect of Formononetin against Ethanol‑Induced Gastric Ulceration in Rats via Augmentation of Cytoprotective Markers and Curtailing Apoptotic Gene Expression. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 14(59s), S605–S612. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_205_18