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    Article

    Grape Seed Extract and Urolithiasis: Protection Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

    Manar Khalid Alomair1, Amjad Abdullah Alobaid1, Marwah Abdulaziz Ali Almajed1, Lama Salman Alabduladheem1, Essraa Abdulrahman Alkhalifah1, Maged Elsayed Mohamed1, Nancy Safwat Younis1★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAUDI ARABIA.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Nancy Safwat Younis

    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Riyadh 11533, SAUDI ARABIA.

    nyounis@kfu.edu.sa

    Received: 21-06-2022; Accepted: 13-10-2022.

    Volume 19, Issue 1 · pp. 117–127 · PUBLISHED 2023 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296221145069

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Grape seed extract (GSE) has demonstrated various pharmacological actions. Urolithiasis is the occurrence of calculus in the renal system. The present study evaluated the anti-urolithic effect of GSE on ethylene glycol (EG) and ammonium chloride (AC)-induced experimental urolithiasis in rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were assigned into six groups; Normal control and Normal + GSE, in which rats received standard drinking water and GSE orally daily, respectively; Urolithiatic animals received EG with AC in drinking water for 28 days; Urolithiatic animals + GSE, in which rats were administered EG with AC in drinking water and GSE 100 and 200 mg/kg orally; and Urolithiatic + cystone, where rats received EG with AC in drinking water and 750 g/kg of cystone as a standard drug orally. Results: Urolithiatic animals showed a significant decrease in excreted magnesium and citrate and antioxidant enzymes, whereas they exhibited amplified oxalate crystal numbers, urinary excreted calcium, phosphate, oxalate ions, uric acid, intensified renal function parameters, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory mediators. Management with GSE and cystone significantly augmented urolithiasis inhibitors (excreted magnesium and citrate) and amplified the antioxidant enzymes' activities. GSE reduced oxalate crystal numbers and urolithiasis promoters, including excreted calcium, oxalate, phosphate, and uric acid excretion, lessened renal function parameters, and declined lipid peroxidation and the inflammatory mediators. Conclusion: GSE could protect against EG-induced renal stones as evidenced by mitigated kidney dysfunction, histological alterations, and oxalate crystal formation. This action may be related to the antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts.

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      Alomair, M. K., Alobaid, A. A., Almajed, M. A. A., Alabduladheem, L. S., Alkhalifah, E. A., Mohamed, M. E., & Younis, N. S. (2023). Grape Seed Extract and Urolithiasis: Protection Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 19(1), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296221145069