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    Article

    Morpho-anatomical, Molecular, and Chemical Standardization of Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don: An Endangered Medicinal Herb Native to the Himalayas

    Pankaj Kumar1,2, Kanwaljeet Singh1, Javaid Fayaz Lone1,2, Anil Bhushan2,3, Prasoon Gupta2,3, Sumeet Gairola1,2★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, INDIA.
    2. 2Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, INDIA.
    3. 3Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Sumeet Gairola

    Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, INDIA.

    sumeetgairola@iiim.res.in

    Volume 19, Issue 1 · pp. 128–143 · PUBLISHED 2023 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296221145070

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don occurring at high altitudes in the Himalayas and known by the common name ‘Nag Chhatri,’ has high medicinal value. Its rhizome samples have substantial therapeutic potential and possess anticancer and anti-aging properties. Due to similar common names and morphology, there is an issue with adulteration and misidentification of actual rhizome samples with rhizomes of other species. So, there is a need to develop valid scientific methods to identify raw herbal samples of authentic ‘Nagchatri’ (T. govanianum). Objectives: The present study focused on developing botanical, molecular, and chemical standards for identifying raw herbal samples of T. govanianum. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from four locations in the Northwestern Himalayas. Botanical characters were studied by stereomicroscope and compound microscope. Molecular identification was done by DNA barcoding and chemical identification by chemical fingerprinting (TLC and HPTLC), LC-MS profiling, and NMR studies. Results: The botanical characters involved detailed morpho-anatomical characterization of herbal samples. The DNA barcoding exhibited a 100% identification match of generated barcode sequences with NCBI database sequences for all the selected markers. Chemical profiling revealed diosgenin, makisterone A, and 20-hydroxy ecdysone as major constituents in the rhizome sample, confirming the authenticity of the species. Conclusion: The integrated authentication approach employing botanical standardization, DNA barcoding, and chemical profiling will be a promising tool for accurately identifying the genuine raw herbal material of T. govanianum.

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      Kumar, P., Singh, K., Lone, J. F., Bhushan, A., Gupta, P., & Gairola, S. (2023). Morpho-anatomical, Molecular, and Chemical Standardization of Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don: An Endangered Medicinal Herb Native to the Himalayas. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 19(1), 128–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296221145070