Impact of Berberine Hydrochloride-assisted Metformin on the Metabolism of Glycolipids and Serum Levels of TIMP-1 and TGF-β1 in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
Yun Jie1, Yongwei Zhang2, Weichen Yan3★★ Corresponding author
- 1Xi’an Peihua University, Xi’an, Shanxi Province, China.
- 2Critical Care Unit, The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- 3Laboratory Department, Hainan Fifth People’s Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
CORRESPONDENCE
Weichen Yan
Laboratory Department, Hainan Fifth People’s Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
Received: 29-01-2024; Accepted: 18-07-2024.
Volume 21, Issue 2 · pp. 710–716 · PUBLISHED 2025 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241287592
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ABSTRACT
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism, leading to hyperglycemia and increased risk of complications like renal fibrosis. Objectives: This study’s purpose is to examine how berberine hydrochloride (BBR) and metformin (Met) work together to treat T2DM, as well as how these medications affect tissue type metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), glucose, and lipid metabolism levels in the blood and transforming growth factor β1. Materials and Methods: Using a random number table approach, overall, 100 individuals with T2DM between October 2020 and October 2022 were chosen and classified into two groups: An experimental group and an untreated group, each with 50 patients. The untreated group received Met therapy, whereas the experimental group received BBR based on the untreated group. The two groups were compared regarding efficacy, cholesterol and glucose metabolism, renal function and renal fibrosis indices, and the frequency of adverse responses. Results: The experimental group’s effective rate was 96.00% higher than that of the untreated group (82.00%). Following treatment, the experimental group had lower levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and cholesterol (TC) than the untreated group, while the untreated group had greater levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Following the course of therapy, the observation group’s levels of cystatin (Cys-C), urinary β2 microglobulin (β2-MG), urine albumin excretion rate (UAER), and urinary microalbumin (ALB) were all lesser compared to the untreated group. Following treatment, the experimental group’s transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and TIMP-1 were lesser than those of the untreated group. Conclusion: When Met and BBR are taken together, patients with type 2 diabetes can effectively control their glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as their levels of TGF-β1, MMP-9, and TIMP-1. They can also postpone renal interstitial fibrosis and eventually improve their kidney function, all with a high degree of safety and significant effects.
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Jie, Y., Zhang, Y., & Yan, W. (2025). Impact of Berberine Hydrochloride-assisted Metformin on the Metabolism of Glycolipids and Serum Levels of TIMP-1 and TGF-β1 in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 21(2), 710–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296241287592