Scopoletin Induces Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer A2780 Cells via Regulating Caspases and Bax/Bcl-2 Pathway

ABSTRACT

Background: Ovarian cancer is a devastating disease that affects the female reproductive system, specifically the ovaries, which are responsible for producing eggs and the female reproductive hormones. Despite improvements in therapy, the prognosis for many ovarian cancer patients remains serious, with a high case-to-fatality ratio compared to other gynecological cancers. Objectives: Therefore, the major aim of this research study is to assess the anti-cancer activity of scopoletin against ovarian cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The efficacy of scopoletin at various concentrations (5–100 µM) on ovarian cancer A2780 cell viability was assessed utilizing the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. The accumulation of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis was assessed using fluorescent staining assays. The concentrations of oxidative stress-related biomarkers, apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bcl-2), and caspase enzymes were studied in the control and treated cell lysates. Results: The findings of the MTT test indicated that scopoletin treatment substantially reduced the vitality of A2780 cells. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of scopoletin for A2780 cells was determined to be 50 µM, which is designated for subsequent fluorescence staining and biochemical assays. The scopoletin treatment induced endogenous ROS accumulation and facilitated apoptosis in A2780 cells, as suggested by the findings of the fluorescent-staining assays. In the scopoletin-treated A2780 cells, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were elevated, whereas antioxidant levels were diminished. Scopoletin treatment also enhanced pro-apoptotic protein concentrations while concurrently reducing the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 concentration in the A2780 cells. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that scopoletin is effective in enhancing apoptosis in A2780 cells. It can suppress cell proliferation and facilitate apoptosis in A2780 cells. These results highlight that scopoletin can be a useful anti-cancer candidate to treat ovarian cancer. However, further studies are warranted in the future to advocate for scopoletin as a useful anti-cancer agent to treat ovarian cancer.

KEYWORDS

• Caspases
• scopoletin
• A2780 cells
• apoptosis
• oxidative stress
• Bax/Bcl-2 proteins

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• DOI10.1177/09731296251348751Copy

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