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    Review

    Therapeutic Potentials of Piper betle Leaf: Insights into Its Medicinal Uses and Bioactive Compounds

    Ruchi Tiwari1★, Shivam Verma1★, Pranshul Sethi2,3★, Pijush Dutta4★, Rajesh Devarai5★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kalpi Road, Bhauti, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
    2. 2Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, INDIA.
    3. 3Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
    4. 4Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, Baruipur, West Bengal, INDIA.
    5. 5Department of Botany, SRNK Government Degree College Autonomous Banswada, Kamareddy, (Affiliated to Telangana University Dichpally), Nizamabad, Telangana, INDIA.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Ruchi Tiwari

    Professor, PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kalpi Road, Bhauti, Kanpur-208020, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.

    tiwaridrruchi@gmail.com

    Received: 12-04-2025; Revised: 09-06-2025; Accepted: 22-08-2025.

    Volume 17, Issue 4 · pp. 1077–1097 · PUBLISHED Oct-Dec 2025 · DOI: 10.5530/pres.20252107

    View on Pharmacogn. Res. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Plant extracts, composed of bioactive non-nutrient phytochemicals, have historically stood out as a primary reservoir for the development of new leads in anticancer drug research. Piper betel (L.), a widely cultivated plant in Asia, particularly renowned for its medicinal properties, has been traditionally employed in treating various health ailments. Piper betel L., commonly known as Pan and belonging to the Piperaceae family, flourishes in regions like Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Taiwan, and other Southeast Asian countries. Remarkably, P. betel leaves have shown significant effectiveness against various bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The oil extracted from betel leaves holds potential as a raw material in the production of medicines, perfumes, mouth fresheners, tonics, and food additives. Rich in nutrients and possessing anti-carcinogenic properties, betel leaves present a promising avenue for the development of drugs targeting blood cancer. This comprehensive review serves as a scientific compendium for researchers and manufacturers engaged in the development of products derived from betel leaves. Widely dubbed as "Green Gold," betel leaves serve various purposes including stimulation, antiseptic action, and breath freshening. Their diverse properties encompass anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-haemolytic, anti-diabetic, and anti-ulcer effects. This review not only furnishes fundamental insights into the manifold effects of betel leaves but also delineates the phytochemical compounds found in their extracts and essential oils, safety profiles, and value-added products.

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      Tiwari, R., Verma, S., Sethi, P., Dutta, P., & Devarai, R. (2025). Therapeutic Potentials of Piper betle Leaf: Insights into Its Medicinal Uses and Bioactive Compounds. Pharmacognosy Research, 17(4), 1077–1097. https://doi.org/10.5530/pres.20252107