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    Insulin secretion enhancing activity of roselle calyx extract in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

    Eamruthai Wisetmuen1, Patchareewan Pannangpetch1★, Bunkerd Kongyingyoes1, Upa Kukongviriyapan2, Wiboonchai Yutanawiboonchai3, Arunporn Itharat4★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Departments of Pharmacology
    2. 2Physiology,
    3. 3Pathology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen
    4. 4Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Center, Thammasat University, Prathumthani, Thailand

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Patchareewan Pannangpetch

    *Address for correspondence: Assoc. Prof. Patchareewan Pannangpetch, Department of Pharmacology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

    patc_pan@kku.ac.th

    Revised: 14-09-2012.

    Volume 5, Issue 2 · pp. 65–70 · PUBLISHED January-March 2013 · DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.110520

    View on Pharmacogn. Res. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background and Objective Our recent study revealed the antihyperglycemic activity of an ethanolic extract of roselle calyxes (Hibiscus sabdariffa) in diabetic rats. The present study had, therefore, an objective to investigate the mechanism underlying this activity. Materials and Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were induced to be diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Normal rats as well as diabetic rats were administered with the ethanolic extract of H. sabdariffa calyxes (HS-EE) at 0.1 and 1.0 g/kg/day, respectively, for 6 weeks. Then, blood glucose and insulin levels, at basal and glucose-stimulated secretions, were measured. The pancreas was dissected to examine histologically. Results HS-EE 1.0 g/kg/day significantly decreased the blood glucose level by 38 ± 12% in diabetic rats but not in normal rats. In normal rats, treatment with 1.0 g/kg HS-EE increased the basal insulin level significantly as compared with control normal rats (1.28 ± 0.25 and 0.55 ± 0.05 ng/ml, respectively). Interestingly, diabetic rats treated with 1.0 g/kg HS-EE also showed a significant increase in basal insulin level as compared with the control diabetic rats (0.30 ± 0.05 and 0.15 ± 0.01 ng/ml, respectively). Concerning microscopic histological examination, HS-EE 1.0 g/kg significantly increased the number of islets of Langerhans in both normal rats (1.2 ± 0.1 and 2.0 ± 0.1 islet number/10 low-power fields (LPF) for control and HS-EE treated group, respectively) and diabetic rats (1.0 ± 0.3 and 3.9 ± 0.6 islet number/10 LPF for control and HS-EE treated group, respectively). Conclusion The antidiabetic activity of HS-EE may be partially mediated via the stimulating effect on insulin secretion.

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      Wisetmuen, E., Pannangpetch, P., Kongyingyoes, B., Kukongviriyapan, U., Yutanawiboonchai, W., & Itharat, A. (2013). Insulin secretion enhancing activity of roselle calyx extract in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacognosy Research, 5(2), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.110520