Oxidative Stress Modulation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Mechanistic Perspectives on Teucrium marum Varum
Mukesh Maity, Krishna Chandra Maity, Saikat Hazra, Arnab Kheto, Samik Banerjee, Sinchan Das
It is becoming more well recognized that Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a self-sustaining mucosal ecosystem in which oxidant-antioxidant imbalance, microbial dysbiosis, stromal remodeling, type 2 immunological polarization, and epithelial damage support each other. This paper critically summarizes redox dysregulation in CRSwNP and assesses whether Teucrium marum Varum (TMV), a Mediterranean Lamiaceae taxon rich in terpenoids, provides a physiologically feasible pathway to modifying this axis based on mechanistic considerations. Using a Boolean concept-block method and PRISMA-informed search and reporting framework reporting standards, an organized narrative search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2015-2026) reduced 487 de-duplicated data to 47 included sources. Quantitative analysis of tissue-biomarker and radical-scavenging data reveals quantifiable KEAP1-NRF2-HO-1 activation in CRSwNP tissue, which is still outpaced by oxidant accumulation. It also identifies TMV chemotypes enriched in (E)-β-caryophyllene and dolichodial as mechanistically, but not directly, convergent on this deficit. There are no CRSwNP-specific data available for T. marum varum. The next phase is not empirical application, but rather chemotype-standardized, biomarker-anchored preclinical testing.