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    Lipid‑lowering Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Gynura procumbens in Chemical‑ and High‑fat Diet‑induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

    Vikneswaran Murugaiyah2★, Mohammed Ali Ahmed Saeed3, Yow-Meng Kuong3, Kisantini Murugesu3, Subramani Parasuraman4, Mohd. Zaini Asmawi2, Amirin Sadikun3★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
    2. 2Discipline of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
    3. 3Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling 08100 Kedah, Malaysia.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Vikneswaran Murugaiyah

    Discipline of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.

    vicky@usm.my

    Received: 28-09-2017; Revised: 12-10-2017.

    Volume 14, Issue 55s · pp. S184–S191 · PUBLISHED 28 June 2018 · DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_451_17

    View on Pharmacogn. Mag. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate lipid‑lowering effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Gynura procumbens in chemical‑ and high‑fat diet (HFD)‑induced hyperlipidemic rats. Materials and Methods: The lipid‑lowering effect of hydroalcoholic extracts was investigated in poloxamer‑407 (P‑407)‑induced acute hyperlipidemic rat model. The most active extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis by high‑performance liquid chromatography‑ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) using phenolic acids as marker compounds and evaluated in HFD‑induced chronic hyperlipidemic rats. Results: The evaluation on hydroalcoholic extracts of G. procumbens showed that 95% ethanolic extract (95EEGP) was the most potent extract that significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC, P < 0.05) and triglycerides (TG, P < 0.001) levels. The 95EEGP contained 7.18, 3.20, 28.31, and 9.72 mg/g dried extract of chlorogenic acid (CA), 3,4‑dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4DC), 3,5DC, and 4,5DC, respectively. The extract at doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced serum TC, TG, low‑density lipoprotein‑cholesterol (LDL‑C), and atherogenic index (A. I.) levels of the P‑407‑induced hyperlipidemic rats, in a dose‑dependent manner (P < 0.01 or better) but had no effect on high‑density lipoprotein‑cholesterol (HDL‑C). On HFD‑induced hyperlipidemic rats, the 95EEGP at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced the serum TC, TG, LDL‑C, and A. I. levels (P < 0.05 or better) while increased serum HDL‑C (P < 0.001). The effect was dose‑dependent showing comparable effect to that of atorvastatin at moderate and high doses. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the lipid‑lowering potential of the 95EEGP of G. procumbens in chemical‑ and HFD‑induced hyperlipidemic rat models. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate its mechanism of its lipid‑lowering action.

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      Murugaiyah, V., Saeed, M. A. A., Kuong, Y., Murugesu, K., Parasuraman, S., Asmawi, M. Z., & Sadikun, A. (2018). Lipid‑lowering Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Gynura procumbens in Chemical‑ and High‑fat Diet‑induced Hyperlipidemic Rats. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 14(55s), S184–S191. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_451_17