Development and Optimization of Phytosome for Enhancement of Therapeutic Potential of Epiyangambin in Tinospora cordifolia Extract Identified by GC–MS and Docking Analysis
Deivasigamani Senthil Kumar1, Karthikeyan Deivasigamani2, Biswabara Roy1★★ Corresponding author
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
- 2SNS College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, SNS Kalvi Nagar, Kurumbalayam, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
CORRESPONDENCE
Biswabara Roy
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, INDIA.
Received: 10-10-2022; Accepted: 07-11-2022.
Volume 19, Issue 2 · pp. 371–384 · PUBLISHED 2023 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296231157192
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ABSTRACT
Background: To enhance the therapeutic potential of Tinospora cordifolia phytosomes, a chloroform extract was prepared. Objectives: The goal of this study was to create and test the therapeutic potential of a phytosome containing T. cordifolia extract. Materials and Methods: The extraction of nonpolar compounds was carried out using chloroform as solvent. The active constituent of the extract was subjected to phytochemical and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses. Docking studies against multiple targeted proteins confirmed the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties of T. cordifolia extract. The phytosomes of T. cordifolia extract were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. The phytosomes were characterized for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology, FTIR, in vitro drug release and in vivo antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. Results: The highest concentration was found to be 16.58% for epiyangambin. The reported compound inhibits GLUT1 and COX2 with 9.25 and 8.34 kcal/mol binding scores. The optimized TCP4 exhibited 454.2 ± 8.1 nm of vesicle size, –43.1 ± 7.5 mV of zeta potential, and 0.33 of polydispersity index (PDI). The phytosomes exhibited a spherical shape confirmed by TEM analysis. The formulation TCP4 showed a significantly higher release (94.7% ± 1.7%) than pure extract. TCP4 exhibited potent therapeutic potential for anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activity. Conclusion: Chloroform extract loaded phytosomes with cholesterol as lipids exhibited significant therapeutic potential due to the presence of epiyangambin.
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Kumar, D. S., Deivasigamani, K., & Roy, B. (2023). Development and Optimization of Phytosome for Enhancement of Therapeutic Potential of Epiyangambin in Tinospora cordifolia Extract Identified by GC–MS and Docking Analysis. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 19(2), 371–384. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231157192