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    Evaluating the Anticancer Potential of Ethanolic Gall Extract of Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Retz. (Combretaceae)

    B. E. Ravi Shankara1,2,3, Y. L. Ramachandra3, S. Sundara Rajan3, P. S. Sujan Ganapathy2, Nagendra Sastry Yarla6, S. A. Richard4, Bhadrapura Lakkappa Dhananjaya5★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Chemistry, School of Graduate Studies, Jain University
    2. 2Research Unit in Vrukshayurveda, A Division of Centre for Advanced Studies in Biosciences, Jain University, Chamrajpet, Bengaluru
    3. 3Department of PG Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta
    4. 4Department of Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Mysore
    5. 5Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Ramanagara, Karnataka
    6. 6Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

    CORRESPONDENCE

    Bhadrapura Lakkappa Dhananjaya

    Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

    chandu_greeshma@rediffmail.com Dr. B. E. Ravi Shankara, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. E-mail: beravish@gmail.com

    Volume 8, Issue 3 · pp. 209–212 · PUBLISHED Jul-Sep 2016 · DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.182919

    View on Pharmacogn. Res. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Plants have been an important source for discovery of anticancer compounds. With the current decline in the number of new molecular entities from the pharmaceutical industry, novel anticancer agents are being sought from traditional medicines; therefore the anticancer efficacy of many plants that are used in traditional medicine is yet to be verified. The objective of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of ethanolic leaf gall extract of Terminalia chebula are evaluated against buffalo rat liver 3A, MCF-7 (Human mammary gland adenocarcinoma) and A-549 (Human lung cancer) cell lines. The cytotoxic effect of the ethanolic extract was evaluated by MTT assay. The extract was potent and effective in inducing cytotoxic effects in all the cell lines with an IC50 value of 305.18 ± 1.7 mg/mL, 643.13 ± 4.2 mg/mL, and 208.16 ± 3.7 mg/mL, respectively. The extract was more effective against A549 cell lines when compared to others. The presences of phenolics, triterpenoids, and flavonoids were identified in the extract. The extract showed total phenolic and flavonoid content of 478 ± 2.2 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g d.w and 538 ± 1.4 mg of quercetin equivalent/g d.w, respectively. This higher content of total phenolics and flavonoids found in the ethanolic extract was directly associated to higher cytotoxicity activity. Conclusion The ethanolic leaf gall extract of T. chebula showed effective cytotoxic activities; which might be attributed to the phenolics/flavonoids present in higher concentration. Future work will be interesting to know the chemical composition of the extract and also better understand the mechanism of action of the constituents present in the extract to develop it as drug for therapeutic application.

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      Shankara, B. E. R., Ramachandra, Y. L., Rajan, S. S., Ganapathy, P. S. S., Yarla, N. S., Richard, S. A., & Dhananjaya, B. L. (2016). Evaluating the Anticancer Potential of Ethanolic Gall Extract of Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Retz. (Combretaceae). Pharmacognosy Research, 8(3), 209–212. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.182919