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    Neutralization of Inflammation by Inhibiting In vitro and In vivo Secretory Phospholipase A2 by Ethanol Extract of Boerhaavia diffusa L.

    Aladahalli S Giresha1, Siddanakoppalu N Pramod2, AD Sathisha3, KK Dharmappa1★★ Corresponding author

    1. 1Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Post Graduate Centre, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, INDIA.
    2. 2Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Immunomodulation and inflammation Biology, Sahyadri Science College (Autonomous), Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, INDIA.
    3. 3Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle University, Mekelle, ETHIOPIA.

    CORRESPONDENCE

    KK Dharmappa

    Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Post Graduate Centre, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, INDIA.

    dharmappa@gmail.com

    Volume 9, Issue 2 · pp. 174–181 · PUBLISHED 1 April 2021 · DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.204650

    View on Pharmacogn. Res. original site ↗

    ABSTRACT

    Background:Inflammation is a normal and necessary prerequisite to healing of the injured tissues. Inflammation contributes to all disease process including immunity, vascular pathology, trauma, sepsis, chemical, and metabolic injuries. The secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is a key enzyme in the production of pro‑inflammatory mediators in chronic inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and asthma. The sPLA2 also contribute to neuroinflammatory disorders such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and Crohn’s disease. Aims:The present study aims to investigate the inhibition of human sPLA2 by a popular medicinal herb Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. as a function of anti‑inflammatory activity. Materials and Methods: The aqueous and different organic solvents extracts of B. diffusa were prepared and evaluated for human synovial fluid, human pleural fluid, as well as Vipera russelli and Naja najavenom sPLA2 enzyme inhibition. Results: Among the extracts, the ethanol extract of B. diffusa (EEBD) showed the highest sPLA2 inhibition and IC50 values ranging from 17.8 to 27.5 μg. Further, antioxidant and lipid peroxidation activities of B. diffusaextract were checked using 2,2‑diphenyl‑1‑picrylhydrazyl radical, thiobarbituric acid, and rat liver homogenate. The antioxidant activity of EEBD was more or less directly proportional to in vitrosPLA2 inhibition. Eventually, the extract was subjected to neutralize sPLA2‑induced mouse paw edema and indirect hemolytic activity. The EEBD showed similar potency in both the cases.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the bioactive molecule/s from the EEBD is/are potentially responsible for the observedin vitroand in vivo sPLA2 inhibition and antioxidant activity.

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      Giresha, A. S., Pramod, S. N., Sathisha, A., & Dharmappa, K. (2021). Neutralization of Inflammation by Inhibiting In vitro and In vivo Secretory Phospholipase A2 by Ethanol Extract of Boerhaavia diffusa L.. Pharmacognosy Research, 9(2), 174–181. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.204650