Volume 21, Issue 4

Research Progress on Reproductive Toxicity and Reversibility of Tripterygium wilfordii Based on Gender Differences

Wang Jinjin, Jin De, Zhu Qin

pp. 1139–1152 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313623 · Published 2025

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. (TwHF), a member of the Celastraceae family and belonging to the genus Tripterygium, is a vine-like shrub. It contains numerous active components, such as Tripterygium glycosides (GTW) and …

The Impact of Traditional Chinese Medicines on Osteoclastogenesis through NF-κB Signaling Pathway: A Review

Jiajun Huang, Diyou Wu, Yu Zhao, Yun Xue, Junqing Huang, Bin Yang

pp. 1153–1164 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313631 · Published 2025

Osteoclasts are specialized cells responsible for bone resorption, which plays a crucial role in the dynamic processes of bone remodeling and maintenance. Osteolytic skeletal disorders, such as osteoporosis, arise from a…

Reserpine Ameliorates 1,2-Dimethylhydrazineinduced Colon Cancer through Regulating Xenobiotic Enzymes and Bax/Caspases/Bcl2-mediated Apoptotic Mechanisms in Rats

Wenli He, Lina He

pp. 1165–1175 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251329683 · Published 2025

Background: Colon cancer is a significant public health issue, known as a major cause of cancer-associated mortalities globally. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms that direct the onset of colon cancer is …

Study on the Neuroprotective Mechanism of Salidroside Modified with Polydopamine Nanoparticles in Regulating Notch Pathway by Inhibiting miR-155 in Stroke Rats

activity of AQP, TLR TLR, Song Liu, Xiaomeng Lv, Dong Wang

pp. 1176–1186 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241282387 · Published 2025

Background and Objectives: Stroke threatens neurological function. Salidroside is widely used to treat neurological diseases such as stroke. Previous studies have shown that miR-155 plays an important regulatory role in …

Exploring Beta-sitosterol’s Role in Breast Cancer Treatment via Integrated Network Pharmacological Analysis and in vitro Validation

Jiaxing Yu, Shuqin Cheng, Zelin Ye, Ming Zhang, Xinlei Zhao

pp. 1201–1211 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241294143 · Published 2025

Background: Beta-sitosterol, a phytosterol similar to cholesterol, is found in various plants and is recognized for its potential anticancer properties; still, the mechanism of breast cancer (BC) remains elusive. Objecti…

Artemetin Inhibits Cell Growth and Activates Caspase-dependent Apoptotic Cell Death Colon Cancer HCT-116 Cells

Yan Chen, Lu Men

pp. 1212–1219 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251331682 · Published 2025

Background: Colon cancer, a prevalent form of gastrointestinal malignancy, poses a significant public health issue globally. The onset of colon cancer is a complex mechanism implicating genetic and environmental factors,…

Protective Effect of 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) on Respiratory System: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis from Animal Studies

Jie Liu, Xingde Liu, Xiaoman Xiong, Yuhua Zheng, Rui Rao, Wen Li

pp. 1220–1230 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241296202 · Published 2025

Background: 1,8-Cineole is used in traditional folk medicine to treat various diseases. This study evaluates the protective effects of 1,8-cineole on the respiratory system by investigating its impact on inflammatory fac…

A Study on the Effect of Ganoderic Acid A on Nociceptive and Inflammatory Mice Models

Haizhou Yu, Qiaojian Tao, Xianjing Zeng, Jinfeng Zhou

pp. 1231–1243 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241296599 · Published 2025

Background: Inflammatory illnesses and severe tissue injuries are frequently accompanied by pain. A widespread global health issue that has a significant negative impact on people’s quality of life everywhere is inflamma…

The Docking and Dynamics Simulation of Natural Compounds from Abrus precatorius L. for Investigating the Possibility of GluR3 Inhibition to Treat Depression

R. Rezgui, T. Alharazi, K. Alshaghdali, I. Elnaem, M. A. I. Salih, F. Aldakheel, M. Saeed, M. Tasleem, I. Ginawi, A. Saeed

pp. 1244–1256 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241294132 · Published 2025

Background: The rising incidence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), in conjunction with the inadequate effectiveness and resistance observed in existing therapeutic approaches, emphasizes the urgent need to investigate …

Development of Chinese Medicinal Ointment with Antibacterial Properties from Tripterygium wilfordii

Ching Wong, Siu Kan Law, Xiao Xiao Wu, Christy Wing Sum Tong, Yanping Wang, Wesley Yeuk Lung Chow, Dawn Ching Tung Au

pp. 1257–1266 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241309430 · Published 2025

Background: Chinese medicinal ointment was first recorded in the Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas). Different formulations of Chinese medicinal ointments have been made based on the traditional Chinese me…

Astragalus Polysaccharide Regulates Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Hongtao Sui, Hai Yang, Zongyuan Huang, Caihua Zhang

pp. 1267–1277 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251318411 · Published 2025

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial in liver cancer progression. Developing novel medicines to disrupt the progression of EMT might be a novel approach in managing liver cancer. Objectives: Thi…

Peptidomic Differences Between Natural Musk and Secretions from Forest Musk Gland Cells Cultured in vitro

Zhiying Huang, Guijun Zhao, Dejun Zeng, Xiaolan Feng, Chenglu Zhang

pp. 1278–1289 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313659 · Published 2025

Background: The Chinese forest musk deer, a solitary ungulate renowned for its musk secretion, is under extinction threat despite its extensive use in traditional Chinese medicine and perfumery. The demand for musk signi…

Evaluation of the Pogostone in an Acetaminophen-induced Liver Injury Rat Model

Yingkui Hou, Wencong Sun, Jing Yang

pp. 1290–1299 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241311346 · Published 2025

Background: One of the leading causes of serious liver disease worldwide is drug-induced liver injury, which is brought on by either the direct hepatotoxic effects of a medication or one of its reactive metabolites. One …

The Ethanol Extract of Sugemule-3 Decoction Treats Isoproterenol-induced Heart Failure in Rats via PPARγ/PGC-1 Pathway

XueDong Pan, HongYang Wang, Qian Li, FuLi Zhang

pp. 1300–1312 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241312488 · Published 2025

Background: The herbs Baidoukou (the fruit of Amomum compactum Sol. ex Maton), Baijusheng (the fruit of Lactuca sativa L.), and Biba (Piper longum L.) make up the traditional Mongolian medicine known as Sugemule-3 decoct…

In vitro Biological Evaluation and in vivo Anti-inflammatory Effect of Chicozapote (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen) Leaf Extracts in Mice with Internal Atrial Edema

Araceli Torres-Martínez, Juan José Acevedo-Fernández, Nelly del Carmen Jiménez-Pérez, Fanny Adabel González-Alejo, Pedro García-Alamilla, Maximiano Antonio Estrada-Botello, Jesús Alfredo Araujo-León, Areli Carrera-Lanestosa

pp. 1313–1322 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313843 · Published 2025

Background: In Mexico, the fruit of the Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen (Chicozapote) tree is widely consumed; however, numerous studies have identified bioactive compounds within its leaves. Objectives: To evaluate the b…

Astragaloside IV Alleviates Myocardial Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction through SIRT3/β-catenin/PPARγ Signaling Pathway

Jinghu Liu, Haokun Zhou, Zhitao Hu, Xiangdi Tan, Yujiang Yao

pp. 1323–1333 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313634 · Published 2025

Background: Myocardial fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI) is linked to decreased cardiac function and heart failure. Astragaloside IV (AST IV), a component of traditional Chinese medicine, has shown promise in…

Protective Effect of Songling Xuemaikang Capsules, Alone and in Combination with Carbamazepine, on Lithium Chloride– Pilocarpine-induced Epilepsy in Rats

Liming Wei, Chen Jia, Li Zhang, Jugui Yang, Suqin Zhou, Haisheng Jiao

pp. 1334–1342 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251323009 · Published 2025

Background: Epilepsy becomes a prevalent drug-resistant neurological condition, often regarding cognitive impairment. As a traditional Chinese patent medicine, Songling Xuemaikang capsules (SXC) mainly contain Pueraria l…

Dictamnine Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia via Attenuating NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway

Jing Li, Qian Jiang

pp. 1343–1355 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241307433 · Published 2025

Background: Stroke is a primary global health concern, resulting in substantial mortality and morbidity, with a significant proportion of cases attributed to ischemic stroke. While reperfusion therapies, including thromb…

Pimpinellin Abrogates Streptozotocin-induced Gestational Diabetes in Pregnant Rats Via Downregulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Fang Wang, Yeqing Su, Xian Zheng, Wenping Li

pp. 1356–1367 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251333261 · Published 2025

Background: Gestational diabetes, defined by increased blood glucose levels during pregnancy, impacts a considerable proportion of pregnant women globally. The proper management of gestational diabetes is crucial, as it …

Identifying Molecular Mechanisms of Cinnamomum cassia in the Treatment of Osteoporosis Based on Network Pharmacology and Validations

Xianwen Sun, Jun Fei

pp. 1368–1389 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241312458 · Published 2025

Background: Osteoporosis is a common condition among the elderly, characterized by reduced bone density and an increased susceptibility to fractures. The efficacy of Cinnamomum cassia in treating osteoporosis is recogniz…

Anti-Cancer Efficacy of Acacia nilotica Nanoparticles: Apoptosis Induction and Tumor Regression in a DMBA-induced Breast Cancer Rat Model

Asma M. Hajla, Afrah Al-Khuraiji, Doaa M. El-Nagar, Nawal M. Al-Malahi, Ibrahim O. Alanazi, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber

pp. 1390–1398 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313618 · Published 2025

Background: Breast cancer remains a significant global health burden despite advancements in treatment. While conventional therapies often induce adverse effects, there is growing interest in exploring natural alternativ…

cells by regulating cell cycle proteins, reducing DNA synthesis, and other ways (Perrone et al., 2015). Studies have shown

that curcumin can activate Nrf, China. E-mail: zhangzhiyuan2024@163.com Polydopamine Nanoparticles-coated Curcumin Upregulates the Expression of Nrf2 through the Keap1/ARE Signaling Pathway to Improve Liver Injury in Mice with Liver Cancer Qingqing Zhou, Zhiyuan Zhang

pp. 1399–1408 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313613 · Published 2025

Background: Liver cancer is a complex disease, and the upregulation of Nrf2, a key molecule in the Keap1/ARE signaling pathway, is expected to become a new method for liver cancer and prevention. Curcumin is a natural an…

Curcumin Lipid Nanoemulsion Inhibits Cervical Cancer Progression by Upregulating Metastasis-associated Gene 1

Yanhua Yu, Tian Hu, Guiwei Zhong

pp. 1409–1417 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313641 · Published 2025

Background: The abnormal expression of metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) is related to the proliferation of tumor cells. Curcumin lipid nanoemulsion can effectively inhibit the growth of cervical cancer cells. Objectiv…

Ameliorative Effect of Biochanin A against Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Xinjun Chen, Zhuo Wu

pp. 1418–1426 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313612 · Published 2025

Background: Gentamicin (GM), a commonly used aminoglycoside anti-biotic, is effective against various bacterial infections. However, its clinical use is often limited due to its significant nephrotoxic side effects. Neph…

Mechanism of Curcuma phaeocaulis Extracts on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Gallbladder Cancer Cells via mTOR/p70S6K Signaling Pathway

Jiayuan Yang, Jiawei Tian, Erhao Zheng, Qi Li, Chen Chen, Zhimin Geng, Jigang Bai

pp. 1427–1437 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313627 · Published 2025

Background: Curcuma phaeocaulis (CP) is utilized as a Chinese herbal medicine to treat abdominal distension and other related ailments. Curcuma phaeocaulis extracts (CPE) are rich in active components and exhibit anti-tu…

Nurturing Wellness: Development and Evaluation of a Novel Herbal Formulation with Immunomodulatory Activity

Saurabh Maru, Sateesh Belemkar

pp. 1438–1448 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241311345 · Published 2025

Background: Disease prevention prevailed in the post-COVID world. The global trends are trailing toward prevention and immunity enhancement with alternative therapies and herbal drugs. Objectives: The current research wa…

Immunomodulatory Effect of Nuciferine on Benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P)-induced Lung Cancer: A Preclinical Model

Fangqin Li, Xinying Luan, Yingying Yao, Xiaohua Cao

pp. 1449–1458 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251318787 · Published 2025

Background: Lung cancer is a deadly type of cancer and is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths in both males and females worldwide. The number of lung cancer cases has risen worldwide due to a growing population of…

Cyanidin 3-O-β-d-Glucoside from Black Bean Inhibits the Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in the Presence of Adipocytes

Katsuya Yuui, Risa Kudo, Shogo Kasuda, Shigeru Ueshima

pp. 1459–1468 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313616 · Published 2025

Background: The potential of cyanidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (C3G), known for its anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties, in suppressing arteriosclerosis progression remains unexplored. Objectives: This study aimed to eluc…

Nodakenin Exhibits Anxiolytic-like and Anti-depressant-like Effects in the Experimental Mice Models

Naihong Xu, Dongrong Zhao

pp. 1469–1479 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251348082 · Published 2025

Background: Anxiety and depression are among the most widespread mental health conditions worldwide, impacting millions and imposing a considerable burden on individuals and healthcare systems. Objectives: The present re…

Effects of Asiaticosides on Scar Recovery and Psychological Well-being in Patients with Scald Injuries

Li Li, Le Liu, Tingting Wang

pp. 1480–1486 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296241312483 · Published 2025

Background: Scar recovery in elderly burn patients is essential for wound healing and psychological well-being. Total glycosides from Centella asiatica have gained attention for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and …

In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Modulatory Effects of Lutein and Zeaxanthin Supplementation on Retinal Antioxidant and Lipofuscin Levels

Ashok Godavarthi, Seul A. Seo, Sang Hyun Park, Soo-Hyeon Heo, H.N. Shivaprasad

pp. 1487–1499 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251317254 · Published 2025

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major leading irreversible reasons for severe blindness in the aged population. Oxidative stress is said to be a leading cause of AMD and is very progressi…

Kaempferol Treatment and Rehabilitation Training Recover the Neurological and Motor Functions in Cerebral Ischemic Injury-induced Rats via MyD88/TLR-4 Pathway

Jingwen Shao, Shaoyi Qu, Jingwang Jingwang, Dan Sun, Qing Hu, Zhongxiang Luo

pp. 1500–1509 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251321905 · Published 2025

Background: Cerebral ischemic stroke, a devastating neurological condition, occurs when the blood supply to a specific region of the brain is interrupted, leading to a cascade of complex physiological and biochemical pro…

Scutellarin Nanoparticles Inhibit Colon Cancer by Regulating Ferroptosis

Yuanzhi Li, Chaochi Yue, Yingyin Liao, Weiliang Du

pp. 1510–1518 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251320700 · Published 2025

Background: In our previous research, we addressed the issues of poor stability and water solubility of scutellarin by developing scutellarin nanoparticles. Our findings indicated that these nanoparticles exhibited enhan…

Cordyceps sinensis mycelium Refined Polysaccharides Regulate PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway to Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma and its Synergistic Effect on Cyclophosphamide

Guochen Sui, Zhuoran Zhang, Xuejun Tian, Yunping Miao, Min Cheng, Wei Pan, Gaoli Zheng, Xiaodi Ye

pp. 1519–1529 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251324706 · Published 2025

Background: Cordyceps sinensis is a unique and precious Traditional Chinese Medicine. The fermented mycelia of C. sinensis are obtained from the medicinal strains isolated from C. sinensis by liquid-submerged fermentatio…

Anti-thrombotic Potential of Cynanchum radians Acetone Extracts: Comparative Study with Heparin and Aspirin in a Murine Model

Ahmad A. Alghamdi

pp. 1530–1536 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251321565 · Published 2025

Background: Cynanchum radians (C. radians) is a small herb from the Asclepiadoid genera, found in both the Old and New Worlds. The plant has potential medicinal properties, but its effects on coagulation have yet to be f…

Anti-vitiligo Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Baqia Danshen Liniment: Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Animal Model Insights

Jiaxin Wang, Juan Liu, Yahui Wang, Kailibinuer Abulaiti, Weili Sun, Maihesumu Aikemu, Muhebuli Abulizi

pp. 1537–1548 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251321906 · Published 2025

Background: Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by depigmentation and has proven difficult to treat. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers potential therapeutic alternatives. Compound Baqian Danshen Liniment (…

Chemical Composition and Anti-arthritic Potential of Himalayan Marmot Oil Against Type II Collagen-induced Rat Rheumatoid Arthritis

Jie Zhou, Weilong Li, Xina Yu, Ye Wu, Pei Luo, Qingquan Kong, Zhifeng Zhang

pp. 1549–1561 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251322836 · Published 2025

Background: Animal-derived remedies are prominent in folk medicine worldwide, and discovering potent anti-inflammatory agents is attractive for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Himalayan marmot oil (HMO), a tradition…

Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Enhances the Viability and Inhibits Ferroptosis in High Glucose-induced Rat Podocytes by

Downregulating ACSL4 Meixiao Liu, Yuelin Sui, Yin Pang, Jianhui Liu, Haifeng Zhang

pp. 1574–1584 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251322834 · Published 2025

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication in patients with diabetes mellitus, which is mainly characterized by glomerular podocyte injury. Ferroptosis is crucial in the pathogenesis of DN. Moringa ol…

Hepatoprotective Effect of Nano Selenium Derived from Neem Leaf Extracts against Infection with Eimeria papillata in C57BL/6 Mice

Esam S. Al-Malki, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber, Najwa Almutairy, Nawal Al-Hoshani, Rasha Alonaizan, Andreas Meryk, Esam M. Al-Shaebi, Mohamed A. Dkhil, Saleh Al Quraishy

pp. 1585–1596 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251313859 · Published 2025

Background: Coccidiosis is considered a protozoan disease affecting wild and domestic animal species which leads to economic losses. Regarding drug resistance, scientists are focused on alternative sources rather than co…

Investigating the Protective Mechanism of the Zha-Chong-Shi-San-Pill Ethanol Extract on Cerebral Stroke Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and in vitro Experiments

Hua Jin, Ta Na, Yue-hui Liu, Qian-qian Ma, Ming-qi Liu, Ruo-shui Zhou, Liang Wei, Hong-quan Jin, Dong-wei Zhang

pp. 1597–1607 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251324721 · Published 2025

Objectives: To study the antioxidant effects of the traditional Mongolian medicine Zha-Chong-Shi-San-Pill ethanol extract (EEZC) on cerebral stroke for future clinical use. Materials and Methods: Active components and me…

Simultaneous Determination of Amino Acids, Nucleosides, and Nucleobases in Schisandra chinensis Fructus from Different Regions Based on Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Q-trap MS/MS

Yayun Chen, Xiang Bi, Huanhuan Li, Yuming Wang, Lizhong Wang

pp. 1608–1618 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251329984 · Published 2025

Background: Schisandra chinensis is a traditional Chinese medicine and is widely consumed as a health food due to its immune-enhancing properties. However, limited research has been done on its nutrient composition. Obje…

β-Sitosterol Improves Synaptic Plasticity in High-risk Children with Cerebral Palsy by Regulating Inflammatory Homeostasis

Shaoyong Luan, Peipei Wang, Caixia Wang

pp. 1619–1629 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251324723 · Published 2025

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a serious childhood disease characterized by changes in inflammatory responses and synaptic plasticity. Recent evidence highlighted the anti-inflammatory properties of β-sitosterol and …

Retraction Notice: 14-Deoxy-11,12-Didehydroandrographolide: A novel compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata Nees. induces robust apoptosis in leukemic cells

pp. 1630–1630 · DOI: 10.1177/09731296251358598 · Published 2025